Researching History: List of Academic Exercises (Honours) – 1990s
compiled by Hu Wen
The following is a list of academic exercises completed by honours students graduating from AY (academic year) 1989/1990 to 1998/1999. Aside from showcasing student works which may otherwise go unnoticed, we also hope that such a compilation will aid historical research and stimulate ideas for further study.
This list hopes to continue to collect academic exercises (1) submitted to the Department of History (NUS) for the Honours degree, and (2) concerning Singapore / Malaysia history from other colleges and universities (indicated after title). Titles concerning Singapore and Malaysia are marked with an asterix (*).
The list is not exhaustive and is put together by using information made available online by the Library INtegrated Catalogue (LINC) of NUS Libraries.
Information is correct as at 2 February 2008
1998 / 1999
Chia, Yeow Tong, Konfrontasi and the Making of Malaysia, 1963: British Responses *
Chin, Kuok Sheung Quentin, History of Crime Prevention in Singapore *
Chua, Kien Wei Wendell, British Interests in the Chinese Commercial World (1861-1865): Perceptions and Realities
Dhillon, Davinder S, The Indians of Natal: Resistance to Apartheid, 1971-1985
Fong, Kum Kuen, The Cuban Missile Crisis: A Historiographical Study in Three Keys
Foo, Ee June, Historical Representations of Brunei: 1970s to Present
Han, Chieh Yuen Jeremy, The Nanjing Massacre 1937: A Historiographical Study
Koh, Jaime Sock Seah, Outside China: the Shanghai Culture in Singapore, 1920s-1930s *
Koh, Siew Im Priscilla, An Iconography of Vietnamese Women at War (1965-1998)
Koh, Wee Khiang Kelvin, Link in a ‘Chain of Disaster’?: Lewis Heath and the Malayan Campaign *
Lam, Sin How, The Methodist Movement in Singapore since 1976 *
Latha Sinasamy, Tamil Malar: Voice of the Tamil Community (1964-1980)
Lee, Ri Qiang Kestrel, The Shipping of Taiwan in the Late Nineteenth Century (1874-1894)
Low, Choon Sai James, Kept in Position: the Labour Front-Alliace Government of Chief Minister David Marshall in Singapore, April 1955-June 1956 *
Malini, Hema, Bharata Natyam in Singapore: Historical Development and Contemporary Considerations *
Neo, Choong Wei Dalvey, Merger and the Citizenship Controversy *
Ng, Wei Kwang, Sarawak’s Entry into Malaysia: Policies and Issues *
Ong, Eng Ann Alexander, Insecurity in a Prosperous Age: Emperor Qianlong and the Jinchuan Campaigns (1747-49 and 1771-76) *
Ong, Lay Ching. Sultan Omar Ali Saifunddin III and Brunei’s Refusal to Join Malaysia *
Png, Soon Hock Charles, Conservative and Liberal Visions of the Raj: the Viceroyalties of Lytton and Ripon 1876-1885
Sevea, Iqbal Singh, The Evolution of Sikh Religious Institutions in Singapore *
Shakila Tabassum Hashmi, The Trial of Bahadur Shah: Representation and Reality in Mughal British Relations
Suhaila Ahmad, A History of Community Self-Help Organisations in Singapore: the Case of Mendaki and AMP *
Tan, Soo Lin Jessica Louise, British Transfer of Power in Singapore 1959-1963 *
Toh, Boon Ho, Operation Photo or Operation Liberation?: the October 1956 Singapore Riots.
Toh, Boon Kwan, The Attlee Government and the Malayan Emergency, 1948-1951 *
Yeow, Oon Ling Jean, Peranakan Cuisine as a Projection of the Peranakan Identity *
1997 / 1998
Abd. Rashid A. R., The Singapore National Trades Union Congress in the 1970s: Modernisation of the Labour Movement *
Buay, Kee Seng Christopher, T.S. Raffles: A Colonial Administrator: Historian *
Chew, Ee, Meiji Japan (1894-1905) in the Eyes of the Foreign Press
Chong, Choy Hoong Beatrice, A History of Diplomacy and Trade in Nineteenth Century Labuan *
Gan, Eunne Ru Denise, Public History in Singapore in the 1990s: the Second World War *
Ho, Kah Wai Alexandra, Women and Education in Early Modern England
Kirupanantha Kumar Palaiyan, A Biography of A C Suppiah *
Koh, Ai Lin Debbie, Shanghai: Life in a Treaty Port, 1843-1854
Lau, Maung Hoe, The Transformation of the U.S. Army, 1973-1991
Lee, Kah Seng Jerry, The Catholic Origins of the Just War
Lee, Su Fook Salmon Aidan, Britain in the League of Nations 1931-39: an Assessment Based on Three Case Studies
Leong, Chou Keen, The Disarmament Conference 1932-34: the Role of France, Britain and the United States
Liew, Kai Khiun, The Impact of American Presence on South Vietnamese Culture & Society (1965-73)
Lim, Li Jing, A Special Relationship at War: Anglo-American Relations and the Escalation of the Korean War, 1950-51
Mohd. Azhar Terimo, UMNO and Malay Political Activities in Singapore, 1959-1965 *
Narayanan Andiappan, The Role of Dr. Subandrio in the Indonesian Communist Coup of 1965.
Ng, Aik Boon, A Fateful March: the Taiping Northern Expedition (1853-1855)
Rasheedah Begum Hamid, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel 1945-50
Tan, Peng Hong, Reaching a Compromise the Deliberations of the Singapore Internal Security Council *
Tan, Siang Yang Sunny, Barisan Sosialis: Years at the Front Line 1961-1966
Tan, Teck Kin Derrick, Taking Back Singapore: SEAC’s Plans for the Recapture of Malaya and Singapore 1944-1945
Tan, Wee Peng, British Defence Policy and the Formation of NATO 1947-49
Tan, Yee Lin, The German Resistance to Hitler: a Historiographical Study
Tang, Swee Noi, The Kanpur Mosque and the Shahidganj Incidents: British Policy and Muslim Politics in India
Tay, Yie Shan, The Daoguang Reign and the Opium War, 1820-1839: a New Perspective
Teh, Chee Siong, The Late Qing Forward Policy in Tibet (1904-1911)
Tham, Chin Pang, Anglo-Russian Relations from Southeast Asian Perspective: 1905-1917
Wee, Seow Chin, Churchill and the Rearmament Debate
Wee, Shoo Soon, The Separation of Singapore from Malaysia: Approaches and Issues *
1996 / 1997
Ching, Su-Yin, History of Civil Aviation Security in Singapore *
Chong, Huay Jiuan Patrine, The Historical Development of the Provision Stores in Singapore: 1960s till the Present *
Chung, May Khuen, Shipping in the Straits of Malacca in the Nineteenth Century *
Goh, Boon Keng Steven, The Atomic Bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki: A Historiographical Study
Goh, Wei Ling Christine, The Politics of Religion in the Time of King James VI/I: Approx. 1598-1625
Heng, Hiang Lik Eugene, Chinese Gold Prospectors in California, 1848-1870
Hia, Yen Ching Eileen, British Foreign Policy and the Berlin Blockade, 1948-49
Ho, Wei Hong Gerard, Admiral Ernest J. King and Allied Grand Strategy
Indira Balpanathan, The Historiography of the British Intervention in Malaya *
Kamaludin Bahadin, History of an English School: Gan Eng Seng School 1885-1996 *
Lam, Jenny, Popular Journalism in Singapore: the Shin Min Daily News, 1967-1997 *
Lim, Wui Lester, The Working Pelations between Chiang Kai-Shek and His Aides, 1926-1949
Mercy Karuniah Jesuvadian, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad: the Presidential Years 1940-1946
Mun, Wai Kin, The Role of the Press in Sustaining the Development of Overseas Chinese Nationalism in Singapore, 1914-19 *
Noraslinda Md. Zuber, John A. Brazier and Trade Unionism in Malaya, 1945-1955 *
Ong, Lee Hua, Women in Late Imperial China: Reconstruction of Images
Ong, Sang Lim, The Concept of “Malaysia” before 1941: British Plans for a Southeast Asian Union of British Territories *
Pang, Tze Chiang Edgar, The Dispute over Navigation on the High Seas in the Early Modern Period
Poh, Geok Loo Sarah, The Corregidor Incident, 1968
See, Sin Yuan Constance, Russian Mercantile Maritime Trade to the Far East, 1880s-1917.
Sim, Wei Ling, A Prism of the Ten Year Storm: Perceptions of the Cultural Revolution as Expressed in Writings Relating Personal Experiences
Song, Jarrod, Lala Lajpat Rai: the Moderate Extremist
Soon, Bee Lan, Arai hakuseki (1657-1725) and the Problem of Loyalty
Tan, Andre Ai-Kok, Field-Marshal Erwin Rommel and the North African Campaign: A Historiographical Study
Thomas, Gabriel G., Fortress: A Military History of Blakang Mati Island *
Vinayagan Dharmarajah, Hugo Grotius & the Concept of Free Trade in Southeast Asia
Wee, Kek Koon, The White Lotus Rebellion, 1796-1804: Participants, Motives and Organisation
Wong, Liang-May Jasmine, The English-Speaking Brethren Assemblies in Singapore, 1864-1986 *
1995 / 1996
Bay, Siow Hon, Pearl Harbour and the Outbreak of War: a Historiographical Study
Charles, Priya Marie, Idealism Versus Reality: Wilson Goes to War
Chee, Ai Lian, English-language Writings on Japanese Colonialism in Korea: a Historiographical Enquiry
Chew, Hew Jeow, Culverin: the Operation that Never Was
Dorai, Andrew Matthew, Eisenhower and the Press in the Mediterranean Campaigns, 1942-1943
Emmanuel, Mark Visuvasum, Trading with the Enemy: Economic Warfare Against Germany in the Straits Settlements, 1914-1921
Ho, Wee Khoon Frederick, Red River Campaign of 1864
Hoe, Teck Wei, Anglo-French Relations, 1931-1934
Karamjit Singh, Bomba: a Social and Cultural History: the Singapore Fire Brigade *
Koh, Boon Piau, The British Pacific Fleet 1943-1945: the Conception and Evolution of British Naval Participation in the Pacific War
Leong, Huey Bin, Agricultural Management in Qianlong’s Shanxi (1736-1795)
Leong, Mei Lin Amy, Agricultural Development in Singapore *
Lim, Cheng Tju, Cartoons of Our Lives, Mirrors of Our Times: History of Political Cartoons in Singapore, 1959-1995 *
Lim, Lee, Education and Nation-Building: the British Perspective in Singapore, 1945-1956 *
Lim, Ming Chun Samuel, Christmas Island: Singapore’s Possession or Misconception? *
Loh, Kah Seng, The Use of History by Singapore’s Political Leaders Since Independence *
Long, Shi Ruey Joey, The US Involvement in Vietnam, 1954-56: the Question of Reunification Elections
Low, Mei Gek Cheryl-Ann, Uncovering Pulau Saigon *
Lum, Lai Meng, Mental Health in British Malaya *
Neeta Devi Dharam P. Singh, The life of Rajabali Jumabhoy: a Pioneer Kutchee Khoja Immigrant in Singapore *
Ng, Eng Ping, Li Xiucheng and the Westerners: the Perceptions of a Taiping Leader.
Ng, Ting Pei Paulina, History of Radio Broadcasting in Singapore: Its Formative Years *
Noor Aini Syed Mahmood, Sarifah, Sartono’s Perspective of Indonesian History
Ong, Suat Boon, The Response of the British Colonial Government in Malaya to the Communist Victory in China: 1948-1950 *
Suhaimi Mohamed Afandi, Post-War Singapore Under the Governorship of Sir Franklin Gimson (1946-1952)
Tan, Tai Loon Adrian, Prelude to the Vietnam War: the Collins Mission (1954-1955)
Tay, Ghim Chiew Stephen, Bishop Emeritus (Dr.) Theodore R. Doraisamy *
Tay, Soo Leng, The Russian Volunteer Fleet in Singapore, 1880-1915
Toh, Pang Theow Eugene, The British Public and the Blitz 1940-1941
Tow, Shen Han Jonathan, Alexander Hamilton as Military Thinker
1994 / 1995
Aswani, Nisha Jaikishin, The Sindhi Merchant: a Heritage of the Textile Trade
Baptist, Dominic John, Eden: a Study in Failure
Cheng, Seow Cheng, The Singapore Improvement Trust and Pre-War Housing *
Choy, Peng Yih Alexander, A Colonial Perspective of the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-1905 from the Straits Times *
Chua, Ching Poo Norman, Mountbatten’s Command Problems in South East Asia Command
Gilbert Niamvivatana, Football and Society
Hasim Hasan, Two Colonial Minds: a Study of Richard Winstedt’s Perceptions of the Malays and Victor Purcell’s Perceptions of the Chinese *
Heng, Su Lin Melissa, The Development of Public Communication in Singapore: from Colony to Independent Nation-State (1946-1965) *
How, Pow Aik James, The Battle of Huai-Hai: an Analytical Study on the Performance of the Guomindang Army
Khoo, Kay Yong, Responses to Restrictions: Maritime Commerce in Seventeenth Century Tonkin
Kwok, Siu Fun Stephanie, Extraordinary Lives: Catholic Missionaries During the Japanese Occupation of Singapore 1942-1945 *
Law, Kah Wei Redmund, Entertaining the Troops in Europe: the Special Services Section
Liew, Yean Sin David, Shifting Images: Women & Art in Singapore *
Lim, Hong Ling, The Use of Allied Airpower in the Battle of the Atlantic
Lim, Mui Ling Ivy Maria, Trade, Piracy and Core-Periphery Relations in Ming China: in Search of a Modus Operandi, 1549-1567
Looi, Wun-Kion Darryl, The Straits Settlements government: a study of the Straits Settlements Executive Council (1867-1941) *
Norhisham Hamjuri Samsuri, Food Shortage in Singapore 1945-50 *
Ong, Noel Tiong Puay, “A Bridge-Builder”: the Life of Dr Thio Chan Bee (1904-1978) *
Pillai, Nalini M., Subhas Chandra Bose in Singapore 1943-1945 *
Rohan Harith Habib Hussain, The Role of American SALT I Negotiators: Heavy Weights or Just for Show?
Seow, Hwung Hwee Nicholas, An Important But Not Vital Outpost: the Defence of Hong Kong in the Inter-War Period, 1918-1941
Suresh Kumar, Singapore Indian Association, 1923-1941 *
Titi Murni Monir, The Control of Veneral Disease in Singapore, 1890-1940 *
Vijaya Rani Thulasy, Piracy in Southeast Asian Waters since the 1970s
Wong, Su-Lynn Shirleen, Chinese Marriage in Singapore: Customary Law and English Common Law in Conflict and Accommodation 1867-1942 *
Yeo, Hsuyin, Queenstown: a History of Singapore’s First New Town *
Yeo, Tze Chiang Lloyd Luc, Fighting for the Star Spangled Banner: the Civil War Experience of a Kansas Cavalryman
1993 / 1994
Ang, Siok Hui, Pioneer Female Mission Schools in Singapore, 1842-1942 *
Anthony, Andrew, Pridi’s Economic Plan and the Nature of Thai Politics, 1932-1934
Azahar Mohamed Noor, Malayan Borders: Colonial Innovation or Re-Affirmation *
Chan, Earn Meng, SHAEF, Logistics, and the Battle of the Bulge
Ho, Li Ching Selina, The Provincial Government during the Yongzheng Reign, 1723-1735: the Case of Guangdong
Kan, Kai Meng Linus, Lieutenant General Courtney H. Hodges and the United States First Army in the Northwest Europe Campaign
Koh, Thiam Hock, Punjab and the War: the Colonial State and War Mobilisation, 1939-1945
Lee, Hock Hin Barry, The Influence of Logistics on U.S. Command Decisions, June-September 1944
Lee, Li Cheng, Government Monopolies after the Abolition of the Revenue Farm System in British Malaya *
Lee, Yam Ming, Accord on the “Peaceful Liberation” on Peiping in 1949: Military and Political Disintegration
Leong, Wing Yew Ernest, Logistics and Allied Grand Strategy in World War II: the Burma Problem
Leow, Chee Yen, The Great Famine in North China, 1877-1878
Liew, Clement, The Roman Catholic Church of Singapore, 1819-1910: from Mission to Church *
Liew, Hui Chuan Anthea, British Attitudes and Policies Towards the Chinese and Turkish Consuls in Singapore, 1867-1914 *
Lim, Fong Yee Tammy, Educational Reform in Japan: 1945-1952
Lim, Seng Hock Darren, The Arms Trade in Southeast Asia: 1915-1917
Lim, Thau Ping Raymond, “Coal Imperialism” in the History of Labuan, 1849-1911 *
Lim, Yin Ling Pamela, Sulak Sivaraksa: the Thoughts and Writings of a Thai Buddhist Social Critic
Lye, Liang Fook, Zhou Fohai’s Dilemma as a Collaborator
Morier, Genevieve C., A Study of the Historiography of the Bounty Mutiny
Pang, Gek Choo, The Problem of Law and Order in the Punjab, 1946-48
Shafarina Sujak, Offshore: Britain and European Integration, 1949-1952
Shanmugaratnam T., Official American Views of the Strategic Security Situation in South Vietnam: 1954-1956
Shawal Hussin, British Naval Policy in Island South East Asia 1824-1867
Soh, Thiam Loon, Mao Zedong in Chongqing in 1945: Illusions of Peace
Suen-Oltmanns, Angela, A Historical Survey of the Keramat Phenomenon: With Special Reference to Singapore *
Sugumaran R., A case study of the Indian port workers in Tanjong Pagar, c.1920-1940 *
Tan, Kui Choon Clare, Church and Community: Church of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary, 1853-1993 *
Tan, Ming Chong James, Lt. Gen. “Jesus Christ Himself” Lee & American Supply in the European Theater of Operations During World War II
Yap, Hong Hock Harry, British Reactions to Dutch Expansion on the East Coast of Sumatra, 1824-1871
Yeo, Eng Kwan, The Views of the British Commercial Mission Towards Developments in Post-Civil War Leninist Russia (1921-1924)
1992 / 1993
Aguss Hashim, Malay Perceptions of the Malacca Sultanate: a Historiography *
Bey, Mui Leng, British Consular Specialists’ Perspective of the Stalinist Political Dictatorship and Terror (1924-1939)
Chan, Wei Keh, Policing the Malayan Emergency (1948-1954) *
Chew, Hock Leong, The Straits Times and the Singapore General Elections: Accommodation and Adaptation to Constraints (1965-1992)*
Chew, Jin Chong Winston, Wilson: Political Stirrings in the Age of Reform (1896-1910)
Chia, Hwee Hwee Jeanette, A History of the Javanese and Boyanese in Singapore *
Chiang, Ming Shun, Military Defences and Threat Perceptions in Nineteenth Century Singapore, 1854-1891 *
Goh, Hui Hua, Woodrow Wilson and American Neutrality, 1914-1917: a Study of Executive Power in Foreign Policy Decision-Making
Lai, Lee Ling Janice, The Burden of Nation-Building: National Junior College (1969-1992) *
Loh, Tuck Wai, Woodrow Wilson: the Early Years, 1856-1885
Louis, Margaret, History of Boys’ Town *
Makesan M., The Rulers of the Unfederated Malay States: Changing Roles and British Policy*
Mastura Abd. Rahman, Colonial Singapore in Malay Fiction *
Pow, Lai Gim, The Whampoa Military Academy (1924-1927): a Political Analysis
Prem Kumar, Rhetoric and Reality: War Reporting and the Royal Navy, 1939-1941
Seto, Wei Soon, “Bomber” Harris and the Dresden Decision
Tan, Chee Peng Patsie, The Anti-Opium Campaign in the Pre-1942 Singapore *
Teo, Lai Cheng Judy, The May Fourth Movement in Shandong
Tharmalingam Nesamani, Gandhi’s “Sub-Contractors”: a Case Study of Rajendra Prasad in Bihar.
Tho, Meng Choo, More than Just a Voice: the Development of Oral History in Singapore *
Vasanda Kumari, Jawaharlal Nehru’s Letters to His Chief Ministers, 1947-1963
Yap, Ming Sing Jimmy, Changing Patterns of Sea Raiding in Malay Waters in the First Half of the Nineteenth Century *
Yeo, Kuan Hoong Raymond, Young Robert Hart: Apprenticeship in China Affairs, 1854-1863
1991 / 1992
Chew, Ing Lim, The Shanghai Crisis of 1932: an Examination of the Local Perspective
Chew, Ling Charlene, Colonial Development Activity in British Malaya from the 1920s to the 1950s *
Choo, Po Lin Grace, Allied Bombing: the French Question January to June 1944
Devadas, Emmanuel, Cosmology and Religion in Pre-Modern South-East Asia
Elinah Abdullah, Malay Political Activities in Singapore 1945-1959 *
Goh, Lye Hock, The New Fourth Army Incident of January 1941
Kang, Ling Ying Florence, British Consular Perspective of the Stalinist Revolution
Koh, Soo Min, The Restoration of the “Last Emperor”: a Political Analysis
Lim, Bee Tin Karen, The West that Never Was: Hollywood’s Frontier Images
Logason Sinnatamby, The Eastern Waves: Patterns of Maritime and Coastal Raiding in Northern Borneo and the Sulu Archipelago, 1770-1860 *
Loh, Wai Ling, The Hidden War: Guomindang Juntong’s Undercover Missions against the Japanese, 1937-45
Low, Aik Lim, Anglo-Chinese School 1886-1941: Case Study of a Mission School *
Maninderjit Kaur, Woodrow Wilson: President of Princeton University (1902-1910)
Saidah Said, History and Historians in West Malaysia *
Seah, Boon Kiat, Malcolm MacDonald as Commissioner-General 1948-1955 *
Seow, Hwee, The United States’ Policy towards Japan, 1945
Shahilla K. Balakrishnan, Political Attitudes of Indians in Post-War Malaya 1945-1955 *
Tan, Ban Huat, The
Tan, Mui Cheng Jennifer Mildred, Churchill and the Americans: the Malta Meeting, 30 January-2 February 1945
Tan, Seng Huat, History of the Chinese High School 1919-1941 *
Teh, Chiew Guek, The China League for Civil Rights, 1932-1933
Van Dijk, Dina Ling, Gladstone: the Inner Conflict 1855-1868
Vanaja Dharmalingam, The Politics of Food: Punjab and the British Raj, 1939-1945
Wee, Yang Teck Jansen Paul, British Intelligence Operations for Sicily, 1943
Wong, Wei Kong, The Two-Edged Sword: Churchill’s Wartime Oratory, 1940-41
Yap, Pheng Hui, Chinese Communist Historiography: the Debate on the Origin of capitalism in China
1990 / 1991
Arasumani Retnasamy, “Red and White”: Indonesian Influences in Malaya through the Malay Nationalist Party 1945-1948 *
Chia, Siang Pio, Protestant Missionaries and Modern Education in China: 1890-1911
Goh, Hwee Lian, Marshall in China: Mission Unappreciated
Jaya Ratnam, Empire and Enterprise: a History of Oil Exploration in British Borneo until the End of the First World War *
La’brooy, David Peter, A History of Saint Andrew’s School in Singapore, 1862-1990 *
Lau, Sze Yuin Agatha, The English School Teacher in Singapore, 1900-1978: a Study of Perception, Status and Performance *
Lee, Yew Koon Tonnine, History of the Singapore General Hospital: 1819-67 *
Leong, Thiam Fook Kelvin, Ali Sadikin and the Development of Jakarta 1966-1977
Lim, Bee Khim, Tan Cheng Lock, Tan Siew Sin and the MCA (1949-1974) *
Lim, Bee Ting, British Interests in the Scramble for Concessions in China 1897-1899
Loke, Tuck Whye, The Control of Contagious Diseases in Colonial Singapore, 1867-1959 *
Low, Mun Kit, The Colonial Administration and British Business Interests in Malaya: 1920-1941 *
Mohamed Ghazali Saad, A History of the Singapore General Hospital 1945-1975 *
Nor-Afidah Abd. Rahman, Colonial Administration in Malaya and the Promotion of British Business Interests 1874-1919 *
Phan, Ming Yen, Tan Cheng Lock: a Study in Personality and History *
Rasheada Begam Kaim Khan, Sir Hugh Low’s Carreer in Labuan 1848-1876 *
Selvamanogari, G. D. Florence, History through Autobiographies: Mahatma Gandhi, Jawaharlal Nehru and Maulana Abul Kalam Azad on Indian Politics and Social 1920-1947.
Sity Norsimah Mohamed Darus, Health of the South Indian Labourers on Rubber Plantations in British Malaya 1895-1941 *
Sum, Wai Fun Adeline, History-Writing in Singapore *
Yang, Sook Chin, The Making of a Revolutionary: Zhou Enlai before 1924
Yeo, Lawrence Siew Boo, The Singapore Armed Forces Training Institute: from a Pioneering to a Premier Military Institute, 1965-1990 *
Zubaidah Mohsen, The Deterrence to Reform: the Punishment of Serious Offenses in British Malaya *